Cell adhesion describes the attachment of cells to other surfaces via specialised membrane proteins called cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)

• Cells can either be directly attached to other cells or indirectly anchored to the extracellular matrix (a gel-like framework between cells)

Cell adhesion molecules can play important roles in a variety of cellular processes – including growth, apoptosis,  signal transduction, migration and tissue development

• The targeting of specific cell adhesion molecules can limit the spread of malignant cancers (by inhibiting metastasis)

Different types of cell-cell junctions exist according to the type of cell adhesion molecule involved

• Anchoring junctions – hold cells together to strengthen contact within tissues
  

• Tight (occluding) junctions – create tight seals that result in an impermeable barrier to diffusion
  

• Gap junctions – links cells together to allow the movement of material between them 
  

Cell Adhesion Molecules